Israel metaphorically as a disobedient son. Matthew picks up that theme, indicating that the Exodus has been fulfilled in Jesus, “who participates in the history of the nation”12 by reliving the Exodus-Wilderness-Promised Land story. Both Israel and Jesus go down into Egypt. Both come out of Egypt. Both go into the wilderness following a baptism (40 years vs. 40 days), where one yields to temptation to rebel against Yahweh while the other successfully resists it. Both return to the promised land